THRACIAN CULTURE

The Thracian culture in our lands is represented by extraordinary models of the applied art. The connection of different metals in one pot and their filigreed workmanship are truly challenge for the researchers and the lovers of the antiques from New York to Tokyo. The most famous are the golden treasure of Panagurishe, the silver treasure of Rogozem, the treasure of Vulchitran, the winged pegas from Sveshtari and the burial church plate from the Thracian tombs. The tombs themselves, even with big Hellenic influence, reveal also the architecture prejudices of the Thracians, their ethical and theological positions in the period of the Archaic and the Attic times. Very impressive are the flying chariots from the tomb of Kazanlak and the cariatides from the tomb in Sveshtari. In the beginning of XXI century, thanks to the personal initiative and the talent for organization of group of archeologists, united in Thraceologic expedition for tumulus researches (TETR), led by Georgi Kitov, came into sight new unique finds of the Thracian living standards, burial and customs of priests, implement new pages in the Thracology. There have been studied around 1 000 mounds, discovered over 30 architecture equipments, more than 5 000 objects with scientific, art and of a museum significance. We have interesting research in the science about the Thracians from Aleksander Fol, Bogdan Bogdanov, Ivan Marazov. We can find a huge amount of literature about the question for the Thracian ancient times and Hellenism on the Balkans. According to Herodot the Thracians are the second largest and cultural tribe in the world after the Indians. We have large number of remains from the Thracian, Hellenic and Roman culture in our lands. We have saved, discovered and restored whole city complexes – Augusta Traiana, Tromontium, Nikopolis ad Istrum, Pautalia, Akre, Mesemvria, Apolonia and many others. The Bulgarian museums are full with exponents of live, cult and military, statues, sepulchral steli and monuments, masks, mosaics and little statues of ancient gods, homekeepers, heroes and gods, which beutify them. Under the capital Sofia were discovered over 150 decars remains form the ancient Serdika. At every new building in the center the archeologists find new layer of the antique culture. A lot of scientists thought, that the culture in the centre of the Balkans is secondary, satellite of the greek one. The remains are proof for synthesis of the Thracian with the coming form other countries aesthetics. More and more archeological material proofs for the full independence of the Thracian culture in comparison with the Greek one until the age of blossoming of the Aegian cities from fifth century B.C. The famous Hellenic and Roman pantheon takes one-third of his gods from his Thracian neighbours – Dionis – Ares (Mars), Zagrey becomes Zeus (Jupiter), Bendida becomes Hera (Junona) and so on. With their gods and heroes the Thracians not just only enrich the Greek and the Roman mythology, but give birth to the mysteries, serious cults and part of the holiday system of the Mediterranean and the Black sea, which is saved in reduced numbers until now. The city museums in Bulgaria are full of antique items and cultural remains, unveiling the citizens, their religious, cultural and everyday needs. The interesting ones are the saved amphitheatres and turns the most interesting of which we can find in Plovdiv, Sofia and Varna. Lots of scientists have written about the questions regarding the archaic and the Hellenism on the Balkans, studies of Bulgarian the basic European languages exist since the mid-nineteenth century until nowadays.